Eye disease is a subject most of us don’t give much thought to; however, that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t. If left untreated, many of these diseases can lead to vision loss and eventual blindness. As part of maintaining overall health, it is important to remember our eyes as well. Learn more about some of the most common eye diseases today, their symptoms and prevention.
Cataracts occur when natural proteins in our eyes begin to clump, diminishing our ability to see. If cataracts are left untreated, they can lead to vision loss and eventual blindness. While cataracts are not often discussed, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention credit them as the leading cause of blindness worldwide. In fact, it is estimated that 20.5 million Americans over the age of 40 have at least one cataract in one or both eyes.
Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration or AMD, primarily affects individuals over the age of 50 and is a leading cause of vision loss within this age group. There are two forms of this eye disease: dry and wet. Wet macular degeneration is the result of abnormal blood vessel growth behind the eye. Dry macular degeneration is when part of the retina (called the macula) begins to thin. This form of AMD is the most common, accounting for 70% to 90% of all AMD diagnoses.
Glaucoma is a disease that effects the eye’s optic nerve, often, but not always, as the result of eye pressure. If not detected early, this disease can lead to vision loss and eventual blindness. According to the American Academy™ of Ophthalmology, the eye disease affects roughly 60.5 million people worldwide, of which 2.7 million individuals over the age of 40 are in the United States. Glaucoma is primarily attributable to family history and is more likely to affect individuals over the age of 40.